如梭计划(The Rousseau Project)由外研社联合哥伦比亚大学的中国留学生创办，它的核心是以小班教学为主的人文研讨会，其灵感来自于哥伦比亚大学引以为傲的人文核心课程。学生将在引读人的指导下，一同阅读选定的文本或浏览其他形式的内容（电影、音乐、图像等），并在课堂上以讨论的方式进行学习，使观点相互碰撞。人文研讨会每个班级不超过25人，使每一位学生都可以积极地发表自己的观点。

本计划理念与形式与远景学院的博雅教育育人理念和教学形式十分贴合，故我院学生积极参加本次活动，经过层层选拔，最终我院2018级张雯瑜、2019级朱艳慧和刘咪3名学生成功入选本次2020如梭计划博雅教育体验营。

他们在一周的时间内，分别与来自哥伦比亚大学、牛津大学的4位领读人共同阅读和分析英文文本资料，采用全英文交流的方式，讨论了哲学、历史学和人类学的4个话题。

这是我院学生主动参与名校交流、国际交流的一次尝试，是对博雅教育理念的认可和深入学习，也是对远景学院国际化育人的一次成果展示。

张雯瑜

张雯瑜如是说

很荣幸参加了“2020如梭计划”的学习讨论。在完成“人类学：物品与社会”与“什么是历史”两门课程的学习后引发了我的很多思考，同时话题性讨论也让我受益颇多。

“什么是历史”这门课程我们首先围绕柯林伍德的著作《历史的观念》展开学习，然后就伍德视角下的历史观展开了讨论。阅读前提是对所述的那段历史烂熟于心，在老师讲述过程中我出现了相关知识缺失的问题，但在引读人的帮助下及时完成了知识的补充同时也顺利地完成了原著片段的阅读。我认为这是本次课程中最有挑战的环节。我们在短时间内进行高强度的阅读训练，无论是对我们的语言提升，还是思维提升都是极有帮助的。在阅读这部富有挑战性的历史哲学类著作的过程中产生了一些疑惑：“他或他们为什么会这样想？”“为什么我不会这样看？”。在随后老师的进一步分析及学员的讨论中我找到了原因。我们所处的时代背景大有不同，这是我有时很难理解作者的最大原因。同时我也认识到历史很难中立，需要我们以自然科学为手段做直观的研究。柯林伍德的观念史；黑格尔的精神自由时政化；马克思的统一史观，每个人都有每个人的思考角度，我们要在分析研究中形成自己的观念。要价值判断中立，避免多视角化。我们站在前人的角度理解前人的观点，得出自己的观点是一个学习进步的过程。但理解并不等于认同。是否认同就需要自己通过具体的分析来判断。

朱艳慧

朱艳慧如是说

通过如梭计划的学习，我的思想认知被极大地颠覆。我非常感谢此次博雅培训给我带来的视觉盛宴和头脑风暴。与老师和同学们思维碰撞的过程，激发了我对社会学和心理学相关理论的探索兴趣。让我明白了异化并不是个例，孤独可以是一群人的狂欢。

在学习方面——在这七天的如梭计划的学习中，每天都有不同的话题进行探讨，而且每个话题都是津津有味和引人入胜，我第一次这么认真的思考每一个名词的含义，开始辩证原本熟悉的认知，并努力多角度地看待问题；我第一次有机会和来自全国各地的哲学爱好者天南海北地谈话，感慨相同的异化遭遇和心情；我第一次全程头脑风暴般地大开脑洞，并体会到了大咖授课的快乐。这次博雅培训让我受益匪浅，更加激起了我对哲学知识的学习兴趣。

在思想方面——使我摆脱了大学期间有些肤浅及消极的想法，重新检验并竖立了新的人生观、价值观。从最开始的对异化的定义，就让我重审自己，产生极大的共鸣，所谓的“越长大越孤单”的委屈也就消散了，以哲学的高度来俯视这个心理现象就如醍醐灌顶般的释然了。而到消费主义与功利主义这两个话题时老师联系杨超越的例子，让我感到哲学并不是那么高深莫测的，它其实是万事万物都贯通的道理。还有体验机这给课题,以及由此衍生出来的高级快乐和低级快乐的思考，再到性感与色情的辩证，将机器与未来的发展聚焦，让我感受了穿越到未来又猛地穿越回史前的生活所带来的震撼，我开始思考自己的无限可能。艺术的异化这个话题让我欣喜若狂，给我提供了和艺术家灵魂对话的机会，很高兴在这里遇到了知音。最后的生活意义这个话题的思考让我热泪盈眶，老师解释了哲学的真实目的是为了让我们养成思考的习惯。很庆幸在我最孤独之时能有人生导师指引方向，能有全国各地的好友感同深受。

世界充满了异化的可能，真实就在于你能以哪种方式看待生活。就像David foster wallace说的，This is water,this is life”

刘咪如是说

A Summary of Learning about Thought Experiments

Through studying, I have come into contact with many interesting and thought-provoking thought experiments which can help us develop reasonable and rational thinking activities without being controlled by external objective conditions. In the past few days of study and discussion, I have learned many thought experiments in the field of philosophy. The thought experiments that I am interested in include “the brain in a vat”, “the defense of abortion”, and “the tram problem”. I would like to share some of my views on the thought experiment of "brain in a vat".

  In “the brain in vat” thought experiment, the human brain is put into a special nutrient solution after being separated from the human body, and then connected to a supercomputer and then controlled by the computer to make the consciousness preserved. At this time, the brain is not will realize how different it is from before. The thought experiment on “the brain in the vat” sounds very incredible, but this experiment uses bold imagination to ask people a question—— “Do humans really exist?” “Are human beings themselves or ‘brains in vat’ controlled by more powerful and unknown forces?” Although this experiment has ruled out the influence of all external technology and other objective factors, and the author has overturned this hypothesis, I still want to refute “the brain in vat” conjecture based on my ideas.

On the one hand, I think that “the brain in the vat” must be only an imaginary. If the brain can live alone in a special cultivation container, although its consciousness still exists, the consciousness that the brain possesses at this time is controlled by the computer. , Or the generation of electric wave stimulation. In fact, it can be considered that after being separated from the body, the human brain can no longer be counted as an independent person, because it no longer possesses human free will. He is just a brain controlled by a machine. The images and behaviors produced in the brain are only produced by the computer or the person who controls the computer. Therefore, “the brain in this vat “does not have human subjective initiative and cannot be counted as a person or still call it a living person. Then it can be considered that” the brain in the vat” will never realize that it is the brain in the vat, because its cognition is input and is limited to a certain range.

On the other hand, humans cannot be the brain in the vat, because people can reflect on this question for themselves--"Am I the brain in the vat?” “Do I really exist?", so I think that humans exist objectively , because people have free will and the ability to explore. In fact, the environment in which people live is also an objective reality, not a virtual picture created by other forces. If there are doubts, then it turns out that when you are blind or deaf, your ability to receive information from the outside world is weakened and you cannot fully understand the external world. But this does not mean that the external world does not exist, because there are still healthy people who see and perceive this real world. So I think that people and the external world that people live in are objectively existing, but because our ability to explore the external world is limited, there are still many unknown spaces on the earth and even the universe outside the earth waiting for us to discover. Judging from the thought experiment text of Brain in the Vat the author used many examples to emphasize the importance of will to people before this thought experiment, just as it said that works produced without subjective consciousness will not have actual representative meaning.

 All in all, the internal activities of the brain without subjective consciousness cannot be counted as human thinking activities. Therefore, humans exist objectively, not just “the brain in the vat”. In my opinion when we think that people are "brain in a vat", to a certain extent, there is a misunderstanding of exaggerating the role of consciousness. I think we should look at consciousness more objectively, and we cannot simply think that "existence is perceived". Some things that we cannot perceive actually exist objectively. Consciousness also needs to be expressed through matter, rather than just being drawn away from matter.